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1   /*
2    * $Id: ActionMessages.java 471754 2006-11-06 14:55:09Z husted $
3    *
4    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
5    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
6    * distributed with this work for additional information
7    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
8    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
9    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
10   * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
11   *
12   *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
13   *
14   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
15   * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
16   * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
17   * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
18   * specific language governing permissions and limitations
19   * under the License.
20   */
21  package org.apache.struts.action;
22  
23  import java.io.Serializable;
24  
25  import java.util.ArrayList;
26  import java.util.Collections;
27  import java.util.Comparator;
28  import java.util.HashMap;
29  import java.util.Iterator;
30  import java.util.List;
31  
32  /**
33   * <p>A class that encapsulates messages. Messages can be either global or
34   * they are specific to a particular bean property.</p>
35   *
36   * <p>Each individual message is described by an <code>ActionMessage</code>
37   * object, which contains a message key (to be looked up in an appropriate
38   * message resources database), and up to four placeholder arguments used for
39   * parametric substitution in the resulting message.</p>
40   *
41   * <p><strong>IMPLEMENTATION NOTE</strong> - It is assumed that these objects
42   * are created and manipulated only within the context of a single thread.
43   * Therefore, no synchronization is required for access to internal
44   * collections.</p>
45   *
46   * @version $Rev: 471754 $ $Date: 2005-08-26 21:58:39 -0400 (Fri, 26 Aug 2005)
47   *          $
48   * @since Struts 1.1
49   */
50  public class ActionMessages implements Serializable {
51      /**
52       * <p>Compares ActionMessageItem objects.</p>
53       */
54      private static final Comparator ACTION_ITEM_COMPARATOR =
55          new Comparator() {
56              public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
57                  return ((ActionMessageItem) o1).getOrder()
58                  - ((ActionMessageItem) o2).getOrder();
59              }
60          };
61  
62      // ----------------------------------------------------- Manifest Constants
63  
64      /**
65       * <p>The "property name" marker to use for global messages, as opposed to
66       * those related to a specific property.</p>
67       */
68      public static final String GLOBAL_MESSAGE =
69          "org.apache.struts.action.GLOBAL_MESSAGE";
70  
71      // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
72  
73      /**
74       * <p>Have the messages been retrieved from this object?</p>
75       *
76       * <p>The controller uses this property to determine if session-scoped
77       * messages can be removed.</p>
78       *
79       * @since Struts 1.2
80       */
81      protected boolean accessed = false;
82  
83      /**
84       * <p>The accumulated set of <code>ActionMessage</code> objects
85       * (represented as an ArrayList) for each property, keyed by property
86       * name.</p>
87       */
88      protected HashMap messages = new HashMap();
89  
90      /**
91       * <p>The current number of the property/key being added. This is used to
92       * maintain the order messages are added.</p>
93       */
94      protected int iCount = 0;
95  
96      // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
97  
98      /**
99       * <p>Create an empty <code>ActionMessages</code> object.</p>
100      */
101     public ActionMessages() {
102         super();
103     }
104 
105     /**
106      * <p>Create an <code>ActionMessages</code> object initialized with the
107      * given messages.</p>
108      *
109      * @param messages The messages to be initially added to this object. This
110      *                 parameter can be <code>null</code>.
111      * @since Struts 1.1
112      */
113     public ActionMessages(ActionMessages messages) {
114         super();
115         this.add(messages);
116     }
117 
118     /**
119      * <p>Add a message to the set of messages for the specified property. An
120      * order of the property/key is maintained based on the initial addition
121      * of the property/key.</p>
122      *
123      * @param property Property name (or ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE)
124      * @param message  The message to be added
125      */
126     public void add(String property, ActionMessage message) {
127         ActionMessageItem item = (ActionMessageItem) messages.get(property);
128         List list;
129 
130         if (item == null) {
131             list = new ArrayList();
132             item = new ActionMessageItem(list, iCount++, property);
133 
134             messages.put(property, item);
135         } else {
136             list = item.getList();
137         }
138 
139         list.add(message);
140     }
141 
142     /**
143      * <p>Adds the messages from the given <code>ActionMessages</code> object
144      * to this set of messages. The messages are added in the order they are
145      * returned from the <code>properties</code> method. If a message's
146      * property is already in the current <code>ActionMessages</code> object,
147      * it is added to the end of the list for that property. If a message's
148      * property is not in the current list it is added to the end of the
149      * properties.</p>
150      *
151      * @param actionMessages The <code>ActionMessages</code> object to be
152      *                       added. This parameter can be <code>null</code>.
153      * @since Struts 1.1
154      */
155     public void add(ActionMessages actionMessages) {
156         if (actionMessages == null) {
157             return;
158         }
159 
160         // loop over properties
161         Iterator props = actionMessages.properties();
162 
163         while (props.hasNext()) {
164             String property = (String) props.next();
165 
166             // loop over messages for each property
167             Iterator msgs = actionMessages.get(property);
168 
169             while (msgs.hasNext()) {
170                 ActionMessage msg = (ActionMessage) msgs.next();
171 
172                 this.add(property, msg);
173             }
174         }
175     }
176 
177     /**
178      * <p>Clear all messages recorded by this object.</p>
179      */
180     public void clear() {
181         messages.clear();
182     }
183 
184     /**
185      * <p>Return <code>true</code> if there are no messages recorded in this
186      * collection, or <code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
187      *
188      * @return <code>true</code> if there are no messages recorded in this
189      *         collection; <code>false</code> otherwise.
190      * @since Struts 1.1
191      */
192     public boolean isEmpty() {
193         return (messages.isEmpty());
194     }
195 
196     /**
197      * <p>Return the set of all recorded messages, without distinction by
198      * which property the messages are associated with. If there are no
199      * messages recorded, an empty enumeration is returned.</p>
200      *
201      * @return An iterator over the messages for all properties.
202      */
203     public Iterator get() {
204         this.accessed = true;
205 
206         if (messages.isEmpty()) {
207             return Collections.EMPTY_LIST.iterator();
208         }
209 
210         ArrayList results = new ArrayList();
211         ArrayList actionItems = new ArrayList();
212 
213         for (Iterator i = messages.values().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
214             actionItems.add(i.next());
215         }
216 
217         // Sort ActionMessageItems based on the initial order the
218         // property/key was added to ActionMessages.
219         Collections.sort(actionItems, ACTION_ITEM_COMPARATOR);
220 
221         for (Iterator i = actionItems.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
222             ActionMessageItem ami = (ActionMessageItem) i.next();
223 
224             for (Iterator msgsIter = ami.getList().iterator();
225                 msgsIter.hasNext();) {
226                 results.add(msgsIter.next());
227             }
228         }
229 
230         return results.iterator();
231     }
232 
233     /**
234      * <p>Return the set of messages related to a specific property. If there
235      * are no such messages, an empty enumeration is returned.</p>
236      *
237      * @param property Property name (or ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE)
238      * @return An iterator over the messages for the specified property.
239      */
240     public Iterator get(String property) {
241         this.accessed = true;
242 
243         ActionMessageItem item = (ActionMessageItem) messages.get(property);
244 
245         if (item == null) {
246             return (Collections.EMPTY_LIST.iterator());
247         } else {
248             return (item.getList().iterator());
249         }
250     }
251 
252     /**
253      * <p>Returns <code>true</code> if the <code>get()</code> or
254      * <code>get(String)</code> methods are called.</p>
255      *
256      * @return <code>true</code> if the messages have been accessed one or
257      *         more times.
258      * @since Struts 1.2
259      */
260     public boolean isAccessed() {
261         return this.accessed;
262     }
263 
264     /**
265      * <p>Return the set of property names for which at least one message has
266      * been recorded. If there are no messages, an empty <code>Iterator</code>
267      * is returned. If you have recorded global messages, the
268      * <code>String</code> value of <code>ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE</code>
269      * will be one of the returned property names.</p>
270      *
271      * @return An iterator over the property names for which messages exist.
272      */
273     public Iterator properties() {
274         if (messages.isEmpty()) {
275             return Collections.EMPTY_LIST.iterator();
276         }
277 
278         ArrayList results = new ArrayList();
279         ArrayList actionItems = new ArrayList();
280 
281         for (Iterator i = messages.values().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
282             actionItems.add(i.next());
283         }
284 
285         // Sort ActionMessageItems based on the initial order the
286         // property/key was added to ActionMessages.
287         Collections.sort(actionItems, ACTION_ITEM_COMPARATOR);
288 
289         for (Iterator i = actionItems.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
290             ActionMessageItem ami = (ActionMessageItem) i.next();
291 
292             results.add(ami.getProperty());
293         }
294 
295         return results.iterator();
296     }
297 
298     /**
299      * <p>Return the number of messages recorded for all properties (including
300      * global messages). <strong>NOTE</strong> - it is more efficient to call
301      * <code>isEmpty</code> if all you care about is whether or not there are
302      * any messages at all.</p>
303      *
304      * @return The number of messages associated with all properties.
305      */
306     public int size() {
307         int total = 0;
308 
309         for (Iterator i = messages.values().iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
310             ActionMessageItem ami = (ActionMessageItem) i.next();
311 
312             total += ami.getList().size();
313         }
314 
315         return (total);
316     }
317 
318     /**
319      * <p>Return the number of messages associated with the specified
320      * property. </p>
321      *
322      * @param property Property name (or ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE)
323      * @return The number of messages associated with the property.
324      */
325     public int size(String property) {
326         ActionMessageItem item = (ActionMessageItem) messages.get(property);
327 
328         return (item == null) ? 0 : item.getList().size();
329     }
330 
331     /**
332      * <p>Returns a String representation of this ActionMessages' property
333      * name=message list mapping.</p>
334      *
335      * @return String representation of the messages
336      * @see Object#toString()
337      */
338     public String toString() {
339         return this.messages.toString();
340     }
341 
342     /**
343      * <p>This class is used to store a set of messages associated with a
344      * property/key and the position it was initially added to list.</p>
345      */
346     protected class ActionMessageItem implements Serializable {
347         /**
348          * <p>The list of <code>ActionMessage</code>s.</p>
349          */
350         protected List list = null;
351 
352         /**
353          * <p>The position in the list of messages.</p>
354          */
355         protected int iOrder = 0;
356 
357         /**
358          * <p>The property associated with <code>ActionMessage</code>.</p>
359          */
360         protected String property = null;
361 
362         /**
363          * <p>Construct an instance of this class.</p>
364          *
365          * @param list     The list of ActionMessages.
366          * @param iOrder   The position in the list of messages.
367          * @param property The property associated with ActionMessage.
368          */
369         public ActionMessageItem(List list, int iOrder, String property) {
370             this.list = list;
371             this.iOrder = iOrder;
372             this.property = property;
373         }
374 
375         /**
376          * <p>Retrieve the list of messages associated with this item.</p>
377          *
378          * @return The list of messages associated with this item.
379          */
380         public List getList() {
381             return list;
382         }
383 
384         /**
385          * <p>Set the list of messages associated with this item.</p>
386          *
387          * @param list The list of messages associated with this item.
388          */
389         public void setList(List list) {
390             this.list = list;
391         }
392 
393         /**
394          * <p>Retrieve the position in the message list.</p>
395          *
396          * @return The position in the message list.
397          */
398         public int getOrder() {
399             return iOrder;
400         }
401 
402         /**
403          * <p>Set the position in the message list.</p>
404          *
405          * @param iOrder The position in the message list.
406          */
407         public void setOrder(int iOrder) {
408             this.iOrder = iOrder;
409         }
410 
411         /**
412          * <p>Retrieve the property associated with this item.</p>
413          *
414          * @return The property associated with this item.
415          */
416         public String getProperty() {
417             return property;
418         }
419 
420         /**
421          * <p>Set the property associated with this item.</p>
422          *
423          * @param property The property associated with this item.
424          */
425         public void setProperty(String property) {
426             this.property = property;
427         }
428 
429         /**
430          * <p>Construct a string representation of this object.</p>
431          *
432          * @return A string representation of this object.
433          */
434         public String toString() {
435             return this.list.toString();
436         }
437     }
438 }